1. Definition of Active Administration

Active administration refers to the actions of public officials who, based on creativity and expertise, proactively manage their duties to improve unreasonable regulations and promote public interest.

2. Types of Active Administration (Examples)

• Behavioral Aspects

  • Acts of performing duties with more effort or care than typically required to ensure the best execution of responsibilities
  • Seeking and implementing the best possible methods to perform tasks without merely repeating standard practices
  • Proactive response to new administrative demands or changes in the administrative environment by developing and promoting new policies
  • Managing tasks through active coordination of conflicting interests in situations involving potential conflicts of interest

• Interpretation and Application of Regulations

  • Acts of improving unreasonable regulations, procedures, and practices independently
  • Active interpretation and application of regulations to adapt to environmental changes such as the development of new technologies
  • Identification and implementation of feasible solutions even when regulations and procedures are not yet established

3. Definition of Passive Administration

Passive administration refers to actions by public officials that, through inaction or negligence, infringe upon the rights of citizens or result in financial losses to the state.

4. Types of Passive Administration

• Convenience Seeking

  • Handling tasks by merely following formalities rather than devising measures to solve problems

• Avoiding Responsibility

  • Failing to perform duties or neglecting responsibilities, or avoiding accountability

• Perpetuation of Unreasonable Practices

  • Continuing to handle tasks in a superficial manner without addressing the root of the problem

• Other Bureaucratic Behaviors

  • Exercising authority improperly, failing to perform assigned duties without clear reasons, or unfairly shifting responsibilities onto others